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Technological sovereignty model in agro-industrial biotechnology


TERRA ECONOMICUS, Vol. 24, No 2

Citation: Cherkasova T.P., Zolochevskaya E.Yu., Ponamarev A.B., Ayrapetyan D.A. (2026). Technological sovereignty model in agro-industrial biotechnology. Terra Economicus 24(2), 135–151 (in Russian). DOI: 10.18522/2073-6606-2026-24-2-135-151

Acknowledgment: The article was supported by the state assignment of the RANEPA № 8.3-2026-1 “Directions of agricultural policy to achieve food sovereignty and develop Russia’s export potential”.

In the context of increasing geopolitical contradictions and sanctions pressure, technological sovereignty is becoming strategically important for the Russian agro-industrial complex. The present study focuses on technological sovereignty in agro-industrial biotechnologies, including breeding, genetics and the production of biologics. Technological sovereignty is treated as the country’s own resource, personnel and institutional base of critical and end-to-end technologies necessary for the sustainable functioning of the agro-industrial complex. The methodological basis of the research is a combination of an indicative analysis of regional ratings (innovation development, investment attractiveness, scientific and technological potential) and a series of semi-structured interviews with industry experts representing the sub-sectors of crop production, animal husbandry and biotechnological production. The study reveals a significant unevenness in the distribution of biotechnological potential between Russian regions: when a high level of self-sufficiency in biologics and grain crops is achieved, high dependence on imports in the field of breeding and genetics is recorded. The key barriers to achieving technological sovereignty in the field of agro-industrial biotechnologies have been identified: the loss of scientific schools, a shortage of qualified personnel, and import dependence. The results allow us to formulate recommendations for improving the state agrarian policy to ensure technological sovereignty in agro industry, taking into account regional specifics.

Keywords: technological sovereignty; agro industry; biotechnology; regional differentiation; food security; agricultural policy
JEL codes: Q16, O33



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Publisher: Southern Federal University
ISSN: 2073-6606















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